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NBFC License
A Non-banking financial company (NBFC) is a type of financial institution which aids financial services to the individuals as well as to the business organizations. They function more or similar to that of the banks but both of them are different and registering a NBFC doesn’t necessitate banking license but such Company owns a NBFC License. NBFCs can be considered as an alternative to the banks as they also provide financial solutions to the unorganized part of the society.
NBFC License can be taken from RBI under Section 45-IA of the RBI Act, 1934. In order to obtain the NBFC License one must first have registered as a NBFC under Companies Act, 2013 or any other law for the time being in force. NBFC’s creates a link between the depositors or investors with the borrowers.
Advantages of NBFC License
Legal Separate Identity
Less Compliance
Lower Rules and Regulations
Limited Liability
Low Interest Rate
Low Level of Cost
Minimum Requirement
Company Incorporated under Companies Act 1956 / 2013
Capable Business Plan for 5 years
Minimum Net Owned Funds : Rs. 2 Crore (Capital must be tax paid)
Profile of the Directors Should be from Finance or Banking
Documents Required for Incorporation
Company Registration Documents
Documents / Details of Directors and Members
Documents of Company
Process of Registration for Applying for NBFC Licence
Restricted Activities by NBFC
Agriculture Activities
Industrial Activities
Purchase / Sale of Goods and Services
Purchase / Sale of construction of immovable property
Conditions by RBI for granting NBFC License
For Registration a company shall apply in the format as prescribed by the RBI. Before registration the company as NBFC, RBI has power to inspect the financial & other books in order to satisfy the following conditions:
- That the NBFC should be able to pay its present as well as/or future investors in full as and when their claims accrue;
- That the operations should not be carried in any manner detrimental to the interest of any of its existing or future investors;
- The management and the Board general character shall not be prejudicial to the interest of the public or its depositors;
- It has sufficient capital structure and earning potential;
- Public interest shall be served by licensing as an NBFC;
- The grant of CoR shall not be unfavorable to the operation of the financial sector. And is consistent with monetary stability, economic growth and considering such other relevant policies of RBI.
Pre-Conditions for NBFC License
As per Section 45-IA of Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934, the following conditions must be fulfilled in order to register a company as an NBFC:
Principal Business of a NBFC
The principal business of NBFC is to provide financial aid involving the lending, investments (shares, stocks, debentures, bonds, leasing, hire-purchase, financial information service provider (NBFC-AA) insurance business, P2P Market Place lending business, chit business which are involved in the receiving of deposits under any scheme of arrangement.
Despite of this, any of the following conditions must also be fulfilled in order to continue NBFC License:
- Total Assets comprises more than 50% financial assets
- More than 50% of the gross income should be generated from financial assets
How NBFC's are different from Banks
S. No. | Basis | NBFC | Banks |
1. | Governed By | Companies Act, 2013 and sometimes RBI Act, 1934 | RBI Act, 1934 |
2. | Demand Deposits | It cannot accept Demand Deposits | It cannot accept Demand Deposits |
3. | Deposit Insurance | No Deposit Insurance is covered | It is covered under RBI's deposit Insurance |
4. | Payment and Settlement system of the RBI | It Cannot avail the payment and settlement system of RBI | Banks are provided the support of the Payment and Settlement System (RTGS, NEFT etc.,) |
5. | Foreign investment | It is allowed upto 100% | It is allowed upto 74% |
6. | Cash Reserve Ratio | Not Applicable | Applicable |
7. | Statutory Liquidity Ratio | 15% CRAR for Deposit taking NBFCs and Non-Deposit taking – Systemically Important NBFCs | Applicable |